Teen birthrate hits a low; economic woes are cited

ATLANTA - The U.S. teen birthrate hit an all-time low in 2009 - a decline that stunned experts say is partly because of the economy.

The birthrate for teenagers fell to 39 births per 1,000 girls, ages 15 through 19, according to a government report released Tuesday. It was a 6 percent decline from the previous year, and the lowest rate since health officials started tracking it in 1940.

Experts say that the recent recession - from December 2007 to June 2009 - was a major factor driving down births overall and that there was good reason to think it affected would-be teen mothers.

"I'm not suggesting that teens are examining futures of 401(k)s or how the market is doing," said Sarah Brown, chief executive of the National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy.

"But I think they are living in families that experience that stress. They are living next door to families that lost their jobs. . . . The recession has touched us all," Brown said.

Teenage mothers, who account for about 10 percent of the nation's births, are not the only population segment experiencing a birthrate decline. The total number of births also has been dropping, as have birthrates among all women except those 40 and older.

For comparison, look to the peak year of teen births - 1957. There were about 96 births per 1,000 teen girls that year, but it was a different era, when women married younger, said Stephanie Ventura, a coauthor of the report issued by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The CDC births report is based on a review of most birth certificates for 2009.

Overall, about 4.1 million babies were born in 2009, down almost 3 percent from 2008. It's the second consecutive annual decline in births, after births had risen since 2000.

The trend may continue: A preliminary count of U.S. births through the first six months of this year suggests a continuing drop, CDC officials said.

A decline in immigration to the United States, blamed on the weak job market, is another factor cited for the lower birthrate.

A large proportion of immigrants are Hispanic, and Hispanics accounted for nearly 1 in 4 births in 2009. The birthrate among Hispanic teens is the highest of any ethnic group with 70 births per 1,000 girls in 2009. However, that rate, too, was down from the previous year.

Other findings in the new report include:

The cesarean delivery rate rose yet again, to about 33 percent of births. The C-section rate has been rising every year since 1996.

The pre-term birthrate, for infants delivered at less than 37 weeks of pregnancy, dropped for the third straight year to about 12 percent of all births. It had been generally increasing since the early 1980s.