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Bone drug boosts breast cancer survival

For doctors trying to keep patients' bones strong during care, it was a happy surprise.

Dr. Karen Lindsfor, a professor of radiology and chief of breast imaging at the University of California, Davis Medical Center, examines a mammogram. Women concerned about breast cancer should worry less about cellphones and hair dyes and worry more about weighing or drinking too much and exercising too little, according to a new study. (AP Photo/Rich Pedroncelli)
Dr. Karen Lindsfor, a professor of radiology and chief of breast imaging at the University of California, Davis Medical Center, examines a mammogram. Women concerned about breast cancer should worry less about cellphones and hair dyes and worry more about weighing or drinking too much and exercising too little, according to a new study. (AP Photo/Rich Pedroncelli)Read more
    by By Marilynn Marchione, Associated Press, Inquirer
    Published 

SAN ANTONIO - Doctors were mostly hoping to prevent complications and relapses when they gave young women a medicine to keep their bones strong during breast cancer treatment. Seven years later, they found it did more than that: The bone drug improved survival, as much as many chemotherapies do.

The study found a 37 percent lower risk of death among women who received the bone drug, Zometa. In absolute terms, it meant that four to five more women out of every 100 were alive seven years later.

It is especially impressive considering that the women took the drug, given as an infusion every six months, for only three years.

"The benefit persists" long after treatment ends, said study leader Michael Gnant of Austria's Medical University of Vienna. He presented the research this week at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium.

Zometa should now be offered to all patients like those in this study - younger women forced into early menopause by hormone-blocking cancer treatments, some specialists said.

"It's a new standard of care," said James Ingle, a Mayo Clinic breast specialist who had no role in the study.

Bone drugs called bisphosphonates - sold as Fosamax, Boniva, and Actonel - have long been sold for treating osteoporosis. Those are daily pills. Zometa, made by the Swiss company Novartis AG, is given intravenously to treat cancer that spread to bones.

Hope that it could do more grew in 2008, when Gnant reported that it lowered the risk of recurrence in a study of 1,800 premenopausal women with early-stage breast cancer. All had surgery followed by hormone blockers, and half also received Zometa.

Now, with seven years of follow-up, researchers see that Zometa not only helped keep cancer from coming back but also improved survival. There were 33 deaths among women given the bone drug and 49 among those not treated with it.

That magnitude of benefit is comparable to many chemotherapy treatments. Researchers think that because Zometa strengthens bones, it's tougher for cancer to spread there; the drug may also have direct effects against circulating cancer cells or microscopic tumors.

Zometa's side effects were mostly fever and bone and joint pain. Doctors saw no cases of jawbone decay, a serious problem long linked to bisphosphonates. Zometa costs more than $1,000 in the United States and about half as much in Europe, though the price may drop when its U.S. patent expires in 2013.

Novartis helped pay for the study, and Gnant consults for the company.

The bone drug proved disappointing, though, in a large study last year in postmenopausal women, who account for three-fourths of all breast cancers. Yet there was a hint of hope in the oldest patients.

"They benefited substantially as long as they were well past menopause," said Peter Ravdin, director of the breast cancer program at the UT Health Science Center in San Antonio, who also had no role in the research.